I wasn't planning to see this movie, but it was the only movie at my favorite theater. I was really glad I saw it. As a bit of background, I was raised in the cusp of Vatican II Catholicism, which was approximately the same time as this movie was set.
"Doubt" is the story of a struggle between a priest and a nun over authority within a Catholic grammar school. The nun, played by Meryl Streep, is the principal and is accustomed to ruling within an iron hand. The priest, Philip Seymour Hoffman, is one of the more "modern" priests who thinks that the Church needs to be more open and friendly in order to connect with the parishoners. Sister Aloysius is fiercely resistant, and her resistance is the result of many factors - the need for control, her personal disdain for the priest, and her desire to stay within the bounds of the Church she is accustomed to. Father Flynn is equally fierce in his assertion of the authority of a priest and his desire to make the Church more approachable. Father Flynn, however, quickly realizes that Sister Aloysius is a force to be reckoned with and she is willing to go to any length to win.
What's fascinating about this movie is the perspective can change based on the viewer's background and history with the Catholic Church. The screenplay is brilliant in choosing the possible sexual abuse of a student to be the focus of the disagreement between Sister and Father. In today's times, priests have been headline-makers with stories of past and present abuse, but in 1964 it was not nearly so apparent. For non-Catholics, this movie is about the possible abuse, but for many Catholics, it's about the power struggle between the two key players and the portents of change that is about to overtake the Church.
My sisters and I. who attended Catholic grammar schools and know many versions of both Sister Aloysius and Father Flynn, are certain that the abuse never happened and we think the movie is about the power struggle between the priest and the principal, and the struggle for the Church to adopt the ideals of Vatican II. However, some members of the audience who aren't Catholic thought that Father Flynn was guilty of something that he wanted to hide (one person suggested he had a previous affair) and the movie was about the struggle to break the silence of the Church toward abusive behaviour. They saw Sister Aloysius as the heroine, and we saw her as the villain.
One thing I loved about the movie is how right it felt. It was so much like my experience with Catholic schools and the Church as a child, although one of the early scenes was all wrong. Early in the movie, Sister Aloysius was pacing the aisles during Sunday Mass, correcting several students with a whack on the head or an onimous clearing of the throat. There's no way so many students would misbehave in one Mass - we were all too afraid of our parents and of Sister! But I can see how the movie needed to condense several months of bad behavour into one scene. [

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