Well, not really an answer, but just an idea of where this charge down the tree music comes from. It is not based on A Knife in the Dark necessarily, but much more based off of the music from the prologue in FOTR. If you go back and listen here:
@2:15 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNx8tz4qVeI
you can hear the theme all the theme play out including the dramatic drums that are similar to those when Thorin is clinched in the jaws of the Warg and then thrown. However, it has definitely been re-recorded for The Hobbit and scored originally to match this film. It is clearly not a Ringwraith only theme, but a Mordor theme or even something else that I'm not sure I should say. I'll say it, but I must elaborate:
If you think about the Ringwraiths and Sauron and the enemy in general, what are they? They are prideful, twisted, vengeful, full of malice, and anger right? Well, Thorin is not a bright, righteous, and noble character per-say. He is very deep and complicated. Now, what is Thorin doing in this scene? He is filled with pride, anger, vengeance, and dare I say malice himself. Instead of doing the noble heroic deed of turning to save his fellow dwarves from falling to their deaths, he rises and charges alone, foolishly and pridefully. Pride comes before the fall and fall Thorin does. I feel the music, while it was jarring for me at first too, is unbelievably genius on the part of Jackson and Shore. Had the finished film stuck with the original scoring, if it was even the original scoring (it seems to be the case), thorin would have looked as if he was making the heroic and noble decision. The music would have told the wrong story. With this finished product and, for lack of better term, "Nazgul theme" we cannot help but see Thorin's weaknesses being revealed to their full extent, by his foolish and prideful decision.
So to sum it all up, the theme may not be Ringwraith or even Mordor, but now it seems that the theme is really about ill intent, malice, anger, vengeance, pride, and so on. Thorin's companions are dangling over the cliff, about to fall to their death and yet he chooses to go on a suicide charge alone. It is foolish, so therefore he gets this dark and dramatic theme for his dark and prideful charge.
This is a fantastic discussion and I loved reading all the previous posts! I hope my post helps and if it doesn't I'm sorry. This is all just my opinion of course, but I for one loved the theme that was used. I don't feel it can really be labeled the "Nazgul theme" fairly since it was used heavily in the prologue and no Nazguls were present. Now it is also used for Thorin. So, take my thoughts as you will.